Risk/Protective Factors

Negative Perception of Consumption by Peers

High School

These results suggest that friends of female high school students disapprove more strongly of substance use than those of males. Friends of African American students disapprove more strongly of alcohol use whereas friends of Caucasian students disapprove more strongly of marijuana use.

Middle School

These results suggest that friends of male and Caucasian middle school students more often view alcohol and marijuana use by their peers as wrong.

Trendlines

These data suggest that since 2009, more friends of high school and middle school students view alcohol use as wrong.

Top